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Qais Abdur Rashīd or Qays ʿAbd ar-Rashīd ((パシュトー語:قيس عبد الرشيد)), also called Kasay, Qish, and Kish ((パシュトー語:کسی، قيش، کيش)), is said to be the legendary founding father of the Pashtun nation. Qais is said to have traveled to Mecca and Medina in Arabia during the early days of Islam.〔(Meaning and Practice ), ''Afghanistan Country Study: Religion'', Illinois Institute of Technology (retrieved 18 January 2007).〕 According to the legend, Qais had three sons: ''Sarbaṇ'' (سربڼ), ''Beṭ'' (بېټ), and ''Ghurghax̌t'' (غرغښت).〔(Qais Abdul Rasheed ). Khyber.ORG.〕 His sons founded three supertribal confederacies named after them: 1. Sarbani (which has Tareen, Durrani, Yusufzai, Ghoryakhel, Kasi, Muhammadzai (Charsadda) etc.); 2. Bettani (which has Ghilji, Lodi, Shirani, etc.); 3. Ghurghakhti (which has Kakar, Naghar (Pashtun tribe), Pani, Davi, Babi, Jadun, Safi, etc.) Qais also had adopted son, 4. Ormur Baraki who became progenitor of the Ormer and Wardak tribes and the Karlani confederacy. There are multiple versions of the legend, including several regional variants that mention only one, two, or three of the four legendary brothers. ==Genealogical tree== Some Afghan genealogies list Qais as the 37th descendant of King Talut (or Saul, reigned c. 1050 BC–1010 BC) through Malik Afghana, a legendary grandson of Talut.〔''Dawn'', (The cradle of Pathan culture ), by Alauddin Masood, 4 April 2004.〕〔Pakistan pictorial, Pakistan Publications, 2003.〕〔Niamatullah's history of the Afghans, Volume 1, Niʻmat Allāh, Nirod Bhusan Roy, Santiniketan Press, 1958, pg. 5.〕 The British Indian administrator Muhammad Hayat Khan, in his book ''Hayāt-e Afghānī'' (حیات افغانی; orig 1865, English translation 1874), writes that Qais was the 101st descendant of Saul through Saul's son Yehonatan.〔Hayat i Afghan, Section on Tareen tribe, Appendix 4 to the original Persian text by Nawab Muhammad Hayat Khan, published Lahore, 1865. English translation by HB Priestley, Lahore, 1874〕 According to the Encyclopaedia of Islam, the theory of Pashtun descent from the ancient Israelites is traced to ''Tārīkh-e Khān Jahānī wa Makhzan-e Afghānī'' (تاریخ خان جهانی ومخزن افغانی), a history compiled by Nimat Allah al-Harawi during the reign of the Mughal emperor Jahangir in the 17th century. The ''Makhzan-e Afghānīs Israelite theory, however, has been dismissed by modern authorities due to numerous historical and linguistic inconsistencies. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Qais Abdur Rashid」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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